• Several transgenic and knockout congenic mouse

  2022-02-14

  

  Several transgenic and knockout/congenic mouse models have been generated in order to assess the role of FFAR1 for proper insulin secretion and maintenance of glucose homeostasis. The results obtained with three different receptor knockout mouse models were not consistent. The protection against hig

• Nocodazole br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2022-02-14

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Induction of neuronal cell death is the main neurotoxic mechanism of arsenite (Vahidnia et al., 2007). Previous studies have demonstrated that arsenite may trigger neuronal cell death via apoptosis, autophagy as well as necrosis (Yen et al., 2012; La

• Rapamycin br Introduction The term autophagy was coined by

  2022-02-14

  

  Introduction The term “autophagy” was coined by Christian de Duve in 1963 to describe the process of removing and degrading intracellular components such as unused proteins and damaged organelles through lysosomes [1,2]. Autophagy has been divided into three main types, namely, macroautophagy, mi

• Despite all efforts for development of reliable laboratory m

  2022-02-12

  

  Despite all efforts for development of reliable laboratory methods, according to WHO/UNAIDS technical update on HIV incidence assays, none of the assays evaluated by Consortium for the Evaluation and Performance of HIV Incidence Assays (CEPHIA) have completely met the criteria for an incidence assay

• br Author contributions br Declaration of

  2022-02-12

  

  Author contributions Declaration of conflict of interest Acknowledgements We are grateful to the Director, National Institute of Immunology for his support. The work was partially supported by J.C. Bose Fellowship to SSM. We acknowledge the help from staff of Small Animal Facility of Nation

• It is an aspiring task to apply the glutamate biosensor

  2022-02-12

  

  It is an aspiring task to apply the glutamate biosensor for in vivo measurements in carbenicillin sale tissue. Due to a relatively large size of the electrode used in this work, the biosensor fits only ex vivo applications. However, it is possible to apply platinum microelectrodes 50–100 μm in diame

• br According to WHO estimates diabetes continues to present

  2022-02-12

  

  According to WHO 2014 estimates, diabetes continues to present an increasing health risk to the global population, affecting 422 million individuals worldwide. Type 2 diabetes (T2D), which affects the vast majority (ca. 90%) of the diabetic population, occurs when the body cannot effectively utili

• br Regulation of Glu transporters The pivotal

  2022-02-12

  

  Regulation of Glu transporters The pivotal role of Glu transporters in the fine tuning and turnover of this excitatory amino OSU-03012 calls for a detailed characterization of its regulation. Several general mechanisms that modify Glu uptake activity have been described. These include transcripti

• br Results br Discussion Postsynaptic trafficking

  2022-02-12

  

  Results Discussion Postsynaptic trafficking of AMPA receptors, a process responsible for maintaining the steady-state level of AMPA receptor synaptic transmission, is believed to also actively partake in glutamatergic synaptic plasticity in principal neurons, such the hippocampal CA1 cells. He

• Phos-tag Introduction br Channel activity Since

  2022-02-12

  

  Introduction Channel activity Since initial reports of the Ca2+-activated K+ permeability of erythrocytes (see Gardos, 1958), several ‘criteria’ have been established to certify K+ fluxes as being due to the Gárdos channel. For example, the requirement for Ca2+ at the intracellular face of the c

• The intestinal epithelium is the first

  2022-02-12

  

  The intestinal epithelium is the first line of defense against pathogens and noxious agents and exerts a range of physiological activities, including digestion and TASIN-1 of nutrients. The intestinal wall consists of a series of finger shaped protrusions called villi and invaginations known as cry

• The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for

  2022-02-11

  

  The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their FAAH inhibitory activity in vitro. In addition, molecular modeling, selectivity and reversibility behavior of the new class of FAAH inhibitors are presented in this article. Results and discussion The potency of inhibition on the human rec

• calcitriol hormone br Introduction Stroke is the second

  2022-02-11

  

  Introduction Stroke is the second cause of death worldwide and the first cause of acquired motor disability in adults [1], [2]. In sub-Saharan Africa, stroke is the first cause of admission in neurology departments [3]. In Cameroon, the in-hospital mortality of stroke is estimated at 26.8% [4]. A

• Most studies of HIF have focused on its transcriptional acti

  2022-02-11

  

  Most studies of HIF-1α have focused on its transcriptional activity-dependent functions. However, our results indicate that the oxidative stress-related effects of mtHIF-1α occur independently of its translocation to the nucleus and do not require its transcriptional activity. In fact, several studi

• G P also plays a critical role in

  2022-02-11

  

  G6P also plays a critical role in regulating HK2 binding to mitochondria. Elevated levels of intracellular G6P weaken HK2 binding to mitochondria, causing the enzyme to translocate to the cytoplasm and facilitate anabolic glucose metabolism. Acidosis similarly induces HK2 translocation from mitochon

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